Python is often used for big data, scientific computing, and artificial intelligence (A.I.) projects. Machine Learning and Big DataĬonversely, in the world of machine learning and data science, Python is the most popular language. Currently, Python is not used commonly for mobile development, although there are tools like Kivy and BeeWare that allow you to write code once and deploy apps across Windows, OS X, iOS, and Android. Thanks to the aforementioned tailored libraries, developers have the option to write Android apps by leveraging robust frameworks and development tools built specifically for the operating system. In terms of mobile app development, Java dominates the field, as it is the primary language used for building Android apps and games. Java has a similar ecosystem, although perhaps to a lesser extent. Python also has a large, comprehensive set of modules, packages, and libraries that exist beyond its standard library, developed by the community of Python enthusiasts. Python is known for its code readability, meaning Python code is clean, readable, and concise. Typically developers will use the Django and Flask frameworks for Python and Spring for Java. Python and Java can both be used for backend web development. At the time of writing, about 13% of the questions on Stack Overflow are tagged with Python, while about 8% are tagged with Java! Web Development As you can see from Stack Overflow trends, Python surpassed Java in terms the percentage of questions asked about it on Stack Overflow in 2017. As per the 2018 developer survey, Python is now the fastest-growing computer programing language.īoth Python and Java have large communities of developers to answer questions on websites like Stack Overflow. According to Github’s State of the Octoberst Report, it has recently surpassed Java as the most widely used programming language. However, Python is rapidly gaining ground. Historically, Java has been the more popular language in part due to its lengthy legacy. By contrast, Python is an interpreted language, meaning there is no compile step. This means that before a program is actually run, the compiler translates the Java code into machine-level code. Here's how you would do the same thing in Java:Īnother major difference is that Java generally runs programs more quickly than Python, as it is a compiled language. For example, here is how you would create a variable named numbers that holds the numbers 0 through 9 in Python: As a result, Java tends to be more verbose in its syntax, which is one of the reasons we recommend learning Python before Java for beginners. Loosely, this means that Java is much more strict about how variables are defined and used in code. One major difference between Python and Java is that Python is dynamically typed, while Java is statically typed. While it is hard to measure exactly the rate at which each programming language is growing, these are two of the most popular programming languages used in industry today. This article will focus on Python versus Java, which are two of the most widely used programming languages in the world. Students will start seeing these patterns as they are exposed to more languages. Programming languages tend to share certain characteristics in how they function, for example in the way they deal with memory usage or how heavily they use objects. For this reason, it is important for students who wish to develop software or to solve interesting problems through code to have strong computer science fundamentals that will apply across any programming language. In other words, each language is best suited to solve certain problems, and in fact there is often no one best language to choose for a given programming project. In the worlds of computer science and data science, there are many programming languages, and no single language is superior to another.
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